Abstract
Graph Anomaly Detection (GAD) is critical in security-sensitive domains, yet faces reliability challenges: mis-calibrated confidence estimation (underconfidence in normal nodes, overconfidence in anomalies), adversarial vulnerability of derived confidence score under structural perturbations, and limited efficacy of conventional calibration methods for sparse anomaly patterns. Thus we propose CUR-GAD, a framework integrating statistical risk control into GAD via two innovations: (1) A Dual- Threshold Conformal Risk Control mechanism that provides theoretically guaranteed bounds for both False Negative Rate (FNR) and False Positive Rate (FPR) through providing prediction sets; (2) A Subgraph-aware Spectral Calibrator (SASC) that optimizes node representations through adaptive spectral filtering while reducing the size of prediction sets via hybrid loss optimization. Experiments on four datasets and five GAD models demonstrate statistically significant improvements in FNR and FPR control and prediction set size. CUR-GAD establishes a paradigm for statistically rigorous anomaly detection in graph-structured security applications.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Recommended Citation
"CUR-GAD: Calibrated Uncertainty and Risk Control for Graph Anomaly Detection", Technical Disclosure Commons, (April 27, 2025)
https://www.tdcommons.org/dpubs_series/8040