Abstract

The GCI #288: ULTRA v5.0 is the definitive open-hardware battery architecture, replacing toxic lead-acid and expensive lithium systems with a trash-derived graphene, citric-salt electrolyte, and monolithic 3D-printed vortex case. This version provides the complete engineering data (voltages, concentrations, dimensions) required for immediate fabrication.

Performance Targets:

  • Cost: <$10/kWh (verified BOM).

  • Cycle Life: 5,000+ cycles (via Laponite dendrite suppression).

  • CCA: 22% higher than lead-acid (via J-Groove vortex scrubbing).

  • Safety: Non-toxic, non-flammable, operational at -60°C.

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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